The World Health Organization (WHO) makes reports and
updates regarding new human cases of infection with bird flu. The only subtype
that can cause severe illness to people is Influenza A /H5N1 virus, initially
it affects chickens, ducks and other birds by the process of mutation they can
become highly pathogenic. Because highly pathogenic viruses can survive for
long periods in tissue, water and in the environment.
Especially when temperatures are low is transmitted very
easily in chickens and other birds through direct contact with feces and
secretions from infected birds, eggs, feed, water, cages equipment, vehicles
and clothing. Public health authorities monitor human illnesses associated with
avian influenza. In Hong-Kong occurred for the first time infection both in
humans and poultry and were killed about 1.5 million chickens.
Human infections with H5N1 occurred as a result of contact
with infected poultry and with infected death swangs. Some persons have been
infected with H5N1 as result of consuming uncooked duck blood. China two cases
of patogenic infections with avian influenza A (H5N1) have been confirmed in a
family. After which in pigs and people, 90 people were confrmed with bird flu
virus H7N7 in association with cases of eye conjunctivitis ,one death occurred
at a veterinarian with acute respiratory distress syndrome and other
complications after having direct contact with infected poultry.
In New York, 2003 there has been registered one case a
patient with respiratory symptoms which recovered in few weeks and tests
confirmed it had been avian influenza A (H7N2) virus. Signs and symptoms of
bird flu in humans are similar to other influenza viruses: sore throat and
cough, fever, muscle weakness and/or pain, eye infections, with
life-threatening complications such as: severe viral pneumonia, respiratory
distress syndrome, multi- organ failure.
U.S. Food and Drug Administration suggests the following antiviral
agents supposed to prevent and treat avian influenza: amantadine, rimantadine,
oseltamivir, and zanamivir. They may be not always effective it has been
demonstrated that viruses are resistant to amantadine and rimantadine. In the
United States they are not in use any more for the treatment or prevention
(prophylaxis) of influenza A. Specialists are monitoring the resistance of
avian influenza A viruses to influenza antiviral medications.
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